Centrifugal drying machine



July 19,.1927.

J. s. GAGE CENTRIFUGAL DRYING. MACHINE Filed Feb. 28. 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 July 19, 1927.

J. S. GAGE CENTRIFUGAL DRYING MACHINE Filed Feb. 28. 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

Jl A I, A n A 1 A r 4 a Z Y m 5 m Patented July 19, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT 1,636,177 OFFICE.

JOHN B. GAGE, OI CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOB 'I'O 'IOLHU B81 MACHINE WORKS, 0!

"IBOY, NEW YORK, A GOBPOBA'IION OI YO cnm'mueu name nclmn. Application fled rem-nar as, mo. Serial 10.8,100.

The invention relates to centrifugal extractors -for drying or dewatering finely crystalline or granular materials, and more especially to machines of this kind for drying or dewatering corrosive materials, such as many chemicals and like substances, and in certain aspects thereof the invention is likewise applicable to pressure and gravity filters, and has in view also to capacitate such machines for handling said corrosive materials.

Objects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part hereinafter, and in part will be obvious herefrom, ormay be learned by practice with 7 same being realized and attained through the instrumentalities and combinations pointed out in the appended claims.

The invention consists in'the novel parts, constructions, combinations and improvements herein shown and described.

The accompanying drawings, herein referred to and constituting a part hereof, illustrate one embodiment of the invention, and together with the descrifption serve to explain the principles thereo Of the drawings Fig. 1 is a central vertical view, partly in elevation, and partly in section through a centrifrugal machine embodying the invention;

'Fig. 2 is a fragmentary section greatly'enlarged of a portion of the wall of the basket and cooperatin screen shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary elevation of the back side of the screen shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary elevation of the front side or inside of the screen shown in Figs. 2 and 3;

ig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 2, but showing a different form of screen;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary elevation of the back side of the screen shown in Fig. 5; and

Fig. Z is a fragmentary view of the front side or inside of the form of screen shown in Figs. 5 and 6.

In the work of drying or dewatering many substances, such as minutely crystalline, granular'or comminuted materials, it is necessary to employ a screen sheet in addition to, or in cooperation with, the perforate vertical and cylindrical wall of the rotating the invention; the

, basket, when the particles of material are sufliciently small to pass through the holes in the basket wall, so as to retain such minute well as other limitations orfinel divided material within the basket under t e centrifrugal action while ermitting the liquid or fluid to pass theret rough and out throu h the perforations in the basket wall. This is due to the size or diameter of the perforations inthe basket wall, which are too large to retain the minute materials, such as those referred to. Various mechanical limitations, such as required thickness and necessary rigidity of basket walls, as

holes through the basket wall of a certain size and spaced a certain distance apart. These holes are usually inch in diameter on 1 inch or 1 inch centers, although it will be understood that the invention ,is not limited by these exemplary and explanatory dimensions. a

It is also essential to provide ,not only for the retention of such minute or minutely divided materials, but in connection therewith provision must be made for transverse or lateral flow of the liquid or fluid material so that after assing through the relatively small and c osely-spaced perforations in the screen sheet it may and out through, the ket wall.

The present invention, in connection with the foregoing and in connection with handling materials of the kind specified and in the manner prescribed, provides for handling materials which are of a corrosive perforations in the hascharacter, such as chemicals and other materials which would rapidl destroy the metals and like materials usua y employed in dewatering] machines and which themselves in turn might be dama d or contaminated.

eferring now in (film to the accompanying drawings, illustrating by way of example one embo iment of the invention, the rotatable basket of a centrifrugal machine is indicated by 1. The basket is shown with a bottom support or bearing 3 upon which the central hub 2 of the basket rests. The aring 3 is carried by the centrifugal casing 4;, which is slung in a pluralit of bearings 5 (one only being shown). VV ithin the hub 2 is the shaft 6 of the basket, and on its bottom end shaft 6 has a pulley 7, driven by a belt 8. So far as the present invention is concerned, the general construction of the machine may be widely varied} and it is shown applied to a machine 0 this type merely by way of example.

uire that the pass freely to,

The basket 1 has a bottom 10 and referably a top flan 11. The vertical cy indrical wall 12 of t e basket has perforations 13 therethrough, usually spaced symmetrically apart. In accordance with one aspect'or purse of the invention, as previously stated, the basket 1 and the cooperatingscreen' sheet are constructed and adapted to andle chemical and other corrosive materials. With this in view, the basket 1 has its interior surfaces covered by a sheet 14 of rubber or other corrosion resisting material, and the. exterior of the basket is preferably also provided with a similar layer 15. The perforations 13 are also lined with the corrosion resisting material as shown at 16.'

The screen sheet 20 is of corrosion resisting material, 'is designed, as. already. described, to retain the minutely divided mate- 'rial within the basket during the drying or dewatering rocess, and is placed within the vertical wall of the basket 1. This sheet is usually and preferably of equal height with the vertical basket wall 12 and extends throughout the circumference thereof, making a complete inner vertical cylindrical well within the basket.

The screen sheet 20 has formed therethrough a plurality of (perforations 21, which are smaller in size an are spaced closer toether than the perforations 13 in the cylinrical wall of the basket 1. The screen sheet is thus adapted to hold back the minute or finely divided solid to be dried or dewatered, and it is also provided on the back side thereof, that is the side toward the cyticularly lindrical wall 12 of the basket 1, which fluid circulation means whereb the liquid or fluid after passing through t e perforations 21 in the screen sheet 20 may flow freely to and pass through and out of the perforations 13' in the basket wall.

As embodied, and referring now more parto Figs. 2, 3 and 4, the screen sheet 20 has perforations 21 of relatively smaller diameter and spaced closely together as compared with the holes in the c lindrical wall of basket 1. In this embo ied form the holes 21 are preferably about one-fourth-the giameter of the holes 13 in the wall of bas- Holes 21 open from the frontor inner face of screen sheet 20 into the circulating spaces provided on the back or outer side of the screen sheet. These circulating spaces as here embodied comprise a plurality of intersecting or intercommunicating channels 23. These channels at their bottoms are preferably of a width substantially equal to the diameterof the holes 21, and widen out or are outwardly inclined toward the surface of the sheet 20. This is the surface or side of the sheet which is toward the cylindrical wall 12 of the basket 1. There are formed bearing knobs or points 24 between supports 24, which won .the channels 23, which provide bearings or supports for the screen sheet against the basket wall. These knobs are preferably integral with the screen 20. The material of the screen sheet' will besuch that the sheet will be sufliciently flexible to be curved into place within the cylindrical wall 12 of the basket and will be strong enough to resist deformation or flatteningl down between the destroy the circulating space provided for the escape of the separated liquid or fluid, as already described.

In Figs. 5, 6 form .of screen sheet is shown. The perforations are practically the same as in the-preceding figures alreadydescribed, but the supports- 24 are shown as substantially hemispherical projections, which leave ,a very large area at the back of the screen sheet for the fluid circulating space. As shown in Figs. 6 and 7 the supporting projections 24 and 7, a somewhat different are preferably farther apart than the holes 21 through the sheet 20. Y

The material to be dewatered is placed in the basket 1, and is thrown against the screen sheet 20 by the centrifugal action, the liquid passing through the perforations 21 in the screen sheet. The liquid then passes along the circulating spaces on the back side of the screen sheet and flows out through the holes 13 in the wall 12 of the basket 1. The circulating spaces on the back of the screen sheet, or between the screen sheet 20 and the cylindrical wall 12 of the basket 1, give free flow and utilization of all the holes 21 in the screen sheet and all the holes 13 in the basket wall 12.

The sheet 20 is sufliciently strong, being of vulcanized rubber, or other suitable material, to resist the tendency to flatten down between the supports 24, due to the centrifugal action. 'The materials are all corrosion resisting and will therefore handle any chemicals or like substances which would destroy the ordinary fabric and metal devices used as screens, and which inturn would themselves be damaged.

The separated fluid is dischar ed through the holes 13 into the casing 4, w ich is provided with a suitable outlet or outlets.

It will be understood that the dimensions stated and referred to herein are merely exemplary and descriptive and are in nowise restrictive of the invention. It will also be understood that changes ma be made from the described and illustrate details, within the scope of the accompan in'g claims without departing from the prmciples of the in vention and without sacrificing its chief advantages.

What I claim is:--

filter sheet therewithin continuous through the circumference of the basket said sheet having perforations therethrou and having on its back a plurality of projections spaced from each other. both vertically and horizontally, said projections spacing said screen sheet away from said basket wall and providing a circulating-space for fluid passing through the perforations in the screen sheet and thence through the perforations in said basket wall.

2. A centrifugal drying machine including in combination a rotating basket havf ing a perforate vertical wall and a screen sheet therewithin having perforations therethrough and projections on the back side thereof and s aced farther apart than the perforations t rough the sheet, andspacin the sheet away from the basket wall an providing a circulating space for fluid passing through the perforations in the screen sheet and thence through the perforations in the basket wall.

3. A centrifugal drying machine including 1n combination a rotating basket havmg a perforate vertical wall and a screen sheet therewithin of vulcanized material having perforations therethrough and projections on the back side thereof spacin it away from the basket wall and provid ng a circulating space for fluid passin through the perforations in the screen s eet and thence through the perforations in the basket wall.

4. A centrifugal drying machine including in combination a rotating basket having a perforate vertical wall and a screen sheet therewithin of vulcanized rubber and having perforations therethrough and projections on the back side thereof spacin it away from'the basket wall and provi mg a circulating'space for fluid passing through the perforations. in the screen sheet and thence throu h the perforations in the basket wall.

5. centrifugal drying machine including in combination a rotating basket having a perforate vertical wall and a screen sheet therewithin of vulcanized material and continuous through the circumference of the basket and having perforations therethrough and projections on the back side thereof spacing it away from the basket wall and providing a circulating space for fluid pass:

ing through. the erforations in the screen sheet and thence t rough the perforations in the basket wall.

6. A centrifugal drier, inclu'din incombination a basket having a smooth mner sura unitary lining for the basket rovided with perigrations smaller than t ose in the basket and knobs formed in the outer surface of the lining at spaced intervals, adapted to bear against the inner surface of the basket and hold the lining spaced from the wall of the basket for forming a fluid circulating space between the two.

lining for placement within the basket of a centrifugal machine, comprising a sheet of filter material provided with perforations smaller than t e perforations of the basket, and having on its outer surface a plurality of spaced a art knobs, adapted to bear a ainst theinsi e of the basket and hold the s eet spaced therefrom, for forming a fluid circulatm space between the sheet 0}: material and t e wall of the basket, the s eet with the knobs integral therewith.

8. In a' centrifugal drying machine, a basket, a resilient c lindrical screen filter passages extending sheet having radia therethrough, said sheet being provided with outlets of said pasmeans for s acing the sages from the basket wall comprising outwardly extending radial projections having circulating passages extending circumferentially therearound, both the'sheet and projections being sistant material.

of chemically corrosion re-' being made of non-metallic material,

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

' S. GAGE. 

